Requirements – Weather Station 

1. Functional Requirements

These are the core functionalities that the Weather Station system must be capable of performing:

• Real-time Data Collection from Sensors:
  The system must be capable of continuously collecting real-time data from multiple sensors such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall. These sensors must be integrated with the system and configured to send updates at fixed intervals (e.g., every 10 seconds or 1 minute).

• Storing and Organizing Weather Data:
  All sensor readings must be stored in a structured format in a local database or cloud-based system. The data should be time-stamped and categorized by sensor type for easy retrieval, analysis, and reporting over short or long durations.

• Displaying Live Weather Information to Users:
  The system should include a user interface, such as an LCD screen, web dashboard, or mobile app, that displays current weather information in a clear and user-friendly format. The interface should automatically update when new sensor data is received.

• Generating Statistical Reports and Visual Summaries:
  The system must be able to generate statistical reports (daily, weekly, and monthly) that summarize the weather trends. These reports should include average, minimum, and maximum values for each sensor, as well as graphs and charts for better visualization.

• Issuing Alerts for Extreme Weather Conditions:
  The system should automatically detect abnormal weather conditions such as high wind speed, very low or high temperatures, or sudden pressure drops. When such events are detected, the system must notify the user via email, SMS, or a connected alert mechanism.

• Sensor Calibration and Maintenance Support:
  The system should provide features to calibrate the sensors periodically to ensure accuracy. This may include manual recalibration by technicians or automated calibration routines using reference data.

2. Non-Functional Requirements

These define how well the system performs, and under what conditions it should operate:

• High Accuracy and Precision of Measurements:
  The system must deliver accurate and precise weather readings, with minimal sensor drift or noise. Sensor calibration routines and error-checking algorithms must ensure that the readings are reliable enough for professional use.

• System Uptime and Availability:
  The Weather Station should function continuously with high availability. It must be designed for 24/7 operation in all weather conditions, and any system reboots or maintenance should not cause loss of data or extended downtime.

• Scalability for Future Expansion:
  The architecture of the system should be scalable so that additional sensors or multiple weather stations can be integrated without redesigning the whole system. This allows future expansion to cover larger areas or gather more detailed data.

• Fast Response Time and Low Latency:
  The system should respond quickly to new data inputs, ideally updating the display or user interface within 1–2 seconds after receiving fresh data from the sensors. This is essential for providing timely and real-time insights.

• Security and Data Protection:
  The system must protect the integrity and confidentiality of weather data. User authentication should be required for accessing settings, reports, or exporting data. Secure transmission protocols should be used for remote access or cloud storage.

• Energy Efficiency and Remote Operation Support:
  Especially in remote or rural deployments, the system should be designed to consume minimal power. It should support solar power or battery-based operation and continue functioning under low power conditions without affecting critical tasks.