DSA, High & Low Level System Designs
1. User Authentication APIs
These APIs are used to manage user login and authentication, ensuring secure access to the system.
POST /api/login
- Purpose: Allows users to log in to the system.
- Input: Username, password.
- Output: JWT token or session ID for the authenticated user.
- Example Response:
{ "token": "abc123xyz456", "user_id": "12345" }
POST /api/signup
- Purpose: Registers a new user.
- Input: Username, email, password, and other profile information.
- Output: Confirmation message or error.
- Example Response:
{ "message": "User created successfully", "user_id": "12345" }
POST /api/logout
- Purpose: Logs the user out by invalidating the session.
- Input: JWT token or session ID.
- Output: Confirmation message.
- Example Response:
{ "message": "User logged out successfully" }
2. Newsfeed APIs
These APIs are responsible for fetching and displaying newsfeed content for the user. They should be optimized to ensure minimal latency and maximum relevance in content delivery.
GET /api/newsfeed
- Purpose: Retrieves the user’s newsfeed, including recent posts, interactions, and updates.
- Input: User ID, optional filters (e.g., category, hashtags).
- Output: A list of posts (or content) along with associated metadata (likes, comments, shares).
- Example Response:
{
"posts": [
{
"post_id": "1",
"content": "Here's my new post!",
"user_id": "123",
"timestamp": "2025-04-01T10:00:00Z",
"likes": 500,
"comments": 10,
"shares": 20
},
{
"post_id": "2",
"content": "Another update...",
"user_id": "124",
"timestamp": "2025-04-01T10:05:00Z",
"likes": 300,
"comments": 5,
"shares": 15
}
]
}
GET /api/newsfeed/trending
- Purpose: Retrieves the most trending posts or topics.
- Input: User location, time period (e.g., today, this week).
- Output: List of trending posts/topics.
- Example Response:
{
"trending_posts": [
{ "post_id": "1001", "content": "Breaking news on the elections!", "likes": 5000 },
{ "post_id": "1002", "content": "Amazing vacation spot!", "likes": 4500 }
]
}
POST /api/newsfeed/refresh
- Purpose: Refreshes the newsfeed to fetch new content since the last check.
- Input: User ID, timestamp (last checked).
- Output: A list of new posts.
- Example Response:
{
"new_posts": [
{ "post_id": "12", "content": "Updated newsfeed content!" }
]
}
3. Post Interaction APIs
These APIs manage user interactions with posts, such as liking, commenting, or sharing.
POST /api/like
- Purpose: Allows a user to like a post.
- Input: User ID, post ID.
- Output: Updated like count for the post.
- Example Response:
{ "post_id": "12345", "likes_count": 101 }
POST /api/comment
- Purpose: Allows a user to comment on a post.
- Input: User ID, post ID, comment content.
- Output: Updated comments list for the post.
- Example Response:
{
"post_id": "12345",
"comments": [
{ "comment_id": "987", "user_id": "54321", "content": "Great post!" }
]
}
POST /api/share
- Purpose: Allows a user to share a post.
- Input: User ID, post ID, sharing options (e.g., share on feed, share to another user).
- Output: Updated share count for the post.
- Example Response:
{ "post_id": "12345", "shares_count": 50 }
4. Content Creation APIs
These APIs allow users to create and upload new posts.
POST /api/create-post
- Purpose: Allows a user to create a new post (text, image, video, etc.).
- Input: User ID, content (text or multimedia), metadata (e.g., hashtags).
- Output: Confirmation message and post ID.
- Example Response:
{ "message": "Post created successfully", "post_id": "98765" }
POST /api/upload-media
- Purpose: Uploads media (images, videos) associated with a post.
- Input: User ID, media file (image/video).
- Output: Media URL or ID.
- Example Response:
{ "media_url": "https://cdn.example.com/media/98765.jpg" }
5. Notification APIs
These APIs handle real-time notifications for the user related to interactions on their posts, new content, etc.
GET /api/notifications
- Purpose: Retrieves all notifications for a user (e.g., likes, comments, mentions).
- Input: User ID.
- Output: List of notifications.
- Example Response:
{
"notifications": [
{ "notification_id": "1", "message": "Your post was liked!", "timestamp": "2025-04-01T12:00:00Z" },
{ "notification_id": "2", "message": "New comment on your post!", "timestamp": "2025-04-01T12:05:00Z" }
]
}
POST /api/mark-read
- Purpose: Marks notifications as read.
- Input: User ID, notification IDs.
- Output: Confirmation message.
- Example Response:
{ "message": "Notifications marked as read" }
6. Search APIs
These APIs are used for searching posts, users, hashtags, or topics.
GET /api/search
- Purpose: Searches for posts, users, or hashtags based on a query.
- Input: Query string (e.g., “#vacation”), search type (posts, users, hashtags).
- Output: Search results.
- Example Response:
{
"posts": [
{ "post_id": "123", "content": "Check out my amazing vacation spot!", "likes": 200 }
],
"users": [
{ "user_id": "456", "name": "John Doe", "profile_pic": "url.jpg" }
]
}7. Analytics APIs
These APIs collect and return various analytics related to posts and interactions.
GET /api/analytics/post
- Purpose: Retrieves analytics (e.g., likes, shares, comments) for a specific post.
- Input: Post ID.
- Output: Post analytics.
- Example Response:
{
"post_id": "12345",
"likes": 500,
"comments": 20,
"shares": 30
}
GET /api/analytics/user
- Purpose: Retrieves the user’s overall activity statistics (e.g., total posts, total likes).
- Input: User ID.
- Output: User analytics.
- Example Response:
{
"user_id": "12345",
"total_posts": 100,
"total_likes": 5000,
"total_comments": 200
}