Low & High Level System Design
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Low Level System Design
Low Level Design Basic Building Blocks
Learn core LLD concepts like inheritance, association, composition, aggregation, with a quick quiz to test understanding.
SOLID Principles
Understand SOLID principles to design clean, scalable, and maintainable systems, with a quiz to reinforce concepts.
Creational Design Patterns
Learn object creation patterns like Factory, Builder, Singleton, and more, with a quiz to test understanding.
Structural Design Patterns
Learn patterns like Adapter, Decorator, Facade, and Bridge to structure flexible systems, with a quiz to test understanding.
Behavioural Design Patterns
Understand interaction-focused patterns like Command, Observer, State, and Strategy, with a quiz to test concepts.
LLD Topics
Pizza factory
Design a Pizza Factory system from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
SQL Query builder
Design an SQL Query Builder from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
Logger
Design a Logger system covering requirements, diagrams, code, and interview Q&A
Car Price Calculator
Design a Car Price Calculator from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
Weather Station
Design a Weather Station system from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
Ticket management system
Design a Ticket Management System from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
Payment processor
Design a Payment Processor from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
Elevator System
Design an Elevator System from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
Car parking
Design a Car Parking system covering requirements, diagrams, services, logging, design patterns, and complete code implementation.
Introduction Video
Video - 00:00:55 mins
Use Case Diagram
Video - 00:3:44 mins
Class Diagram
Video - 00:6:07 mins
Class Diagram continued
Video - 00:5:30 mins
Services
Video - 00:9:57 mins
Parking Service
Video - 00:7:59 mins
Discussion on Parking Spots and Parking Service
Video - 00:8:13 mins
Activity Diagram
Video - 00:4:17 mins
Coding Part 1
Video - 00:34:45 mins
How to add Logging in the system
Video - 00:2:20 mins
Coding Part 2 (Adding Logging in the system)
Video - 00:6:03 mins
Implementing Parking pots using Decorator Design pattern
Video - 00:2:35 mins
Coding Part 3
Video - 00:12:12 mins
Requirements
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Identification of actors
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Use case diagram
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Class diagram
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QnA
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Activity Diagram
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Code
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Social media
Design a Social Media system from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
WhatsApp
Design a WhatsApp-like system from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
Amazon
Design an Amazon-like system from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
PayPal
Design a PayPal-like payment system from requirements to diagrams, code implementation, and interview Q&A.
Assignment
Apply design patterns by implementing the Snakes and Ladders game end-to-end.
High Level System Design
High Level Design ( Building Blocks )
Learn core HLD concepts like scalability, consistency, caching, databases, real-time systems, and GenAI-enabled APIs.
What is HLD?
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Consistent Hashing
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Caching
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Load Balancing
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CAP Theorem
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Indexes
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Redundancy and Replication
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SQL vs NoSQL
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Data Partitioning
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Long Polling and WebSockets
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Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
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Quorum
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Gen AI-enabled API Systems
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TinyURL
Design a TinyURL system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, databases, caching, scaling, and testing.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High-Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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Test
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Rate Limiter
Design a Rate Limiter covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, data storage, caching, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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Typeahead suggestion (Google queries)
Design a Typeahead system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, data storage, caching, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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Pastebin
Design a Pastebin-like system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, databases, caching, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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DropBox
Design a Dropbox-like system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, storage, caching, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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Instagram
Design an Instagram-like system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, databases, caching, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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Messenger
Design a Messenger system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, databases, caching, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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BookMyShow
Design a BookMyShow-like ticketing system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, databases, caching, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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Uber/Ola
Design a ride-hailing system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, databases, real-time matching, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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Newsfeed
Design a Newsfeed system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, databases, caching, feed generation, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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Youtube/Netflix
Design a video streaming system covering requirements, capacity planning, APIs, storage, caching, scaling, and reliability.
Introduction
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Requirements & Goals of the System
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Capacity Estimations & Constraints
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System APIs
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Database design & Schema
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High Level Design
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QnA
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Purging & Db Cleanup
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Database Partitioning & Replication
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Cache & Load Balancing
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Requirements of Amazon
1. Functional Requirements
These are the core features that the system must provide for users to interact with and perform operations on the platform.
- User Registration and Authentication:
The system must allow new users to register, verify their email or phone number, and securely log in using their credentials. Password management and user profile updates are also part of this module.
- Product Browsing and Search:
Customers must be able to browse products through categories or use search functionality to find specific items. Filtering and sorting by price, rating, and popularity should be supported.
- Product Management for Sellers:
Sellers must be able to list products, set prices, manage inventory, update product descriptions, upload images, and view product analytics like views and sales performance.
- Shopping Cart and Wishlist:
Users can add items to a cart before checkout and save products to a wishlist for later. The cart should maintain state for logged-in users and support updates to quantity and item removal.
- Order Placement and Payment Integration:
Users should be able to place orders with various payment options such as credit card, debit card, net banking, digital wallets, and cash on delivery. The system must securely handle transactions and provide order confirmations.
- Order Tracking and History:
Customers must be able to track their order status in real-time and view their order history. Sellers should see order details, shipping requirements, and delivery statuses.
- Ratings and Reviews:
After purchase, customers should be allowed to leave ratings and reviews for products. These should be visible to other buyers to assist in their purchasing decisions.
- Customer Support and Feedback:
The platform should include a help center, support tickets, return requests, and feedback forms to handle customer service needs.
2. Non-Functional Requirements
These determine the quality and performance characteristics of the system.
- Scalability:
The system should support a large number of simultaneous users, products, and transactions without affecting performance, especially during high traffic periods like sales.
- Security:
All transactions and user data must be encrypted and securely handled. Authentication protocols, secure payment processing, and data privacy measures must be in place.
- Availability and Reliability:
The platform should be available 24/7 with minimal downtime. Backup systems and failover strategies should ensure business continuity.
- Performance:
Page load time, search speed, and checkout process must be optimized for speed and smooth user experience, even under high load.
- Maintainability and Modularity:
The system must be designed in a modular way, so features can be updated or added without affecting other parts of the platform. Clear logging and monitoring should be in place to track issues.
- Cross-Platform Support:
The platform must work across web browsers and mobile devices (both Android and iOS), ensuring consistency in user experience.